Page 186 - AERB Annual Report 2020

INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR AND RADIOLOGICAL EVENT SCALE (INES)
Level / Descriptor Name of the Events Examples
• Major release: Widespread health and environmental Chernobyl NPP, USSR
7 (now in Ukraine), 1986
MAJOR effects requiring implementation of planned and extended
ACCIDENT countermeasures. Fukushima NPP,
Japan , 2011
6 • Signicant release: Likely to require full implementation Kyshtym Reprocessing
SERIOUS of planned countermeasures. Plant, Russia, 1957
ACCIDENT
• Limited release: Likely to require full implementation of
Windscale pile,UK, 1957
planned countermeasures. Three Mile Island,NPP,
5 • Severe damage to reactor core / several deaths from
ACCIDENT WITH radiation. USA, 1979
WIDER • Release of large quantities of radioactive material within Goiania , Brazil, 1987
CONSEQUENCES an installation with a high probability of signicant public
exposure. This could arise from a major critically accident
or re.

• Minor release of radioactive material unlikely to result in Tokaimuro, Japan, 1999
implementation of planned countermeasures other than Saint-Laurent des Eaux
4 local food controls.
ACCIDENT NPP, France, 1980
WITH • Fuels melt or damage to fuel resulting in more than 0.1% Fleurus, Belgium, 2006
LOCAL release of core inventory. Mayapuri Incident,
CONSEQUENCES • At least one death from radiation/ release of signicant New Delhi,India ,2010
quantities of radioactive material within an Installation
with a high probability of signicant public exposure.
• Near accident of an NPP with no safety provisions Vandellous NPP,
remaining. Spain, 1989
• H i g h l y r a d i o a c t i v e s e a l e d s o u r c e l o s t o r Ikiteli,Turkey, 1999.
stolen/misdelivered without adequate radiation
3 procedures in place to handle it. Sellaeld, UK, 2005
SERIOUS • Exposure rates of more than 1Sv/h in an operating area. Yanango, Peru, 1999
INCIDENT • Severe contamination in an area not excepted by design,
with a low probability of signicant public exposure.
• Exposure in excess of ten times the statutory annual limit
for workers/ Non-lethal deterministic health effect
(e.g.burns) from radiation.
• Signicant failures in safety provisions but with no actual Forsmark , Sweden ,
consequences. 2006
• Exposure of member of public in excess of 10mSv/
exposure of a worker in excess of the statutory annual Atucha, Argentina,
limits/ Radiation level in an opening area of more than 50 2005
2 mSv/h
INCIDENT • Signicant contamination within the facility into an area
not expected by design.
• Found highly radioactive sealed orphan source, device or
transport package with safety provision intact/
inadequate packaging of highly radioactive material
sealed source.
• Minor problems in safety components with signicant Breach of operating
defence in depth remaining low activity lost or stolen limits at a nuclear
1 radioactive source. Device or transport package facility / thieft
ANOMALY
• Overexposure of member of public in excess of statutory radioactive source.
limits.

0
DEVIATIONS No safety signicance.
BELOW SCALE

140
AERB Annual Report 2020